因滚珠丝杠传统系统在数控机床这机构中实际运行为频繁，各部件经常产生机械磨损和润滑不良，因而，常常出现定位精度下降，反向间隙过大，机械爬行，轴承磨损严重，噪音过大等故障。当这些故障出现时就要我们对此做出正确的诊断，才能及时修复设备。滚珠丝杠在运动中产生的故障现象主要可以分为2类，其具体原因如下。

Due to the fact that traditional ball screw systems operate most frequently in CNC machine tools, various components often experience mechanical wear and poor lubrication, resulting in decreased positioning accuracy, excessive reverse clearance, mechanical crawling, severe bearing wear, and excessive noise. When these faults occur, we need to make a correct diagnosis in order to repair the equipment in a timely manner. The fault phenomena caused by ball screws during movement can be mainly divided into two categories, and the specific reasons are as follows.

1、反向间隙大，定位精度差，加工零件尺寸不稳定

1. Large reverse clearance, poor positioning accuracy, and unstable machining part dimensions

滚珠丝杠螺母副及其支撑系统由于长时间运行产生的磨损间隙，将直接影响数控机床的转动精度和刚性。一般故障现象有：反向间隙大、定位精度不稳定等。根据磨损具体产生的位置，故障原因和细分为一下几类：

The wear clearance caused by long-term operation of the ball screw nut pair and its support system will directly affect the rotational accuracy and rigidity of CNC machine tools. General fault phenomena include: large reverse clearance, unstable positioning accuracy, etc. According to the specific location of wear and tear, the causes and subdivisions of faults can be classified into the following categories:

(1) 滚珠丝杠支撑轴承磨损或轴承预加负荷垫圈配的不合适。

(1) The ball screw support bearing is worn or the pre loaded washer of the bearing is not properly matched.

(2) 滚珠丝杠双螺母副产生间隙，滚珠磨损。

(2) The double nut pair of the ball screw creates a gap, causing ball wear.

(3) 滚珠丝杠单螺母副磨损产生间隙。

(3) Gap caused by wear of single nut pair of ball screw.

(4) 螺母法兰盘与工作台没有固定牢，产生间隙。

(4) The nut flange is not securely fixed to the workbench, resulting in a gap.

2、滚珠丝杠副运动不平稳，噪音过大

2. The motion of the ball screw pair is unstable and the noise is too loud

这种故障现象主要原因，具体如下：

The main causes of this malfunction are as follows:

（1）伺服电机驱动参数未调整好。

(1) The servo motor drive parameters have not been adjusted properly.

（2）丝杠丝母润滑不良。

(2) Poor lubrication of the screw nut.