As an indispensable and important component of modern automation machinery, what issues should be paid attention to in the selection, use, installation methods, and maintenance of ball screws?

今天，来讨论一下滚珠丝杠的选型过程中对于滚珠丝杠本身需要注意的主要参数。

Today, let's discuss the main parameters that need to be paid attention to in the selection process of ball screws.

公称直径。就是滚珠丝杠的外径，滚珠丝杠常见的规格有12、14、16、20、25、32、40、50、63、80、100、120，不过请注意，这些规格中，各大滚珠丝杠厂家一般只备16-50的货，也就是说，其他直径大部分都是期货。滚珠丝杠公称直径和负载基本成正比，滚珠丝杠直径越大负载越大，具体数值参考厂家样本。

Nominal diameter. It is the outer diameter of the ball screw. Common specifications for ball screws include 12, 14, 16, 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 63, 80, 100, and 120. However, please note that among these specifications, major ball screw manufacturers generally only stock 16-50 sizes, which means that most other diameters are futures. The nominal diameter of the ball screw is basically proportional to the load, and the larger the diameter of the ball screw, the greater the load. Please refer to the manufacturer's sample for specific values.

导程。滚珠丝杠导程也称螺距，就是螺杆每旋转一周螺母直线运动的距离，常见的滚珠丝杠导程有1、2、4、6、8、10、16、20、25、32、40，中小导程现货产品一般只有5、10，大导程一般有1616、2020、2525、3232、4040（四位数字前两位是滚珠丝杠直径，后两位是滚珠丝杠导程），其他规格厂家大多来单生产。滚珠丝杠导程与直线速度有关，在输入转速一定的情况下，导程越大速度越快。

Lead. Ball screw lead, also known as pitch, is the distance that the nut moves in a straight line for each rotation of the screw. Common ball screw leads include 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 16, 20, 25, 32, and 40. Small and medium-sized lead products are generally only available in stock at 5 and 10, while large lead products generally include 1616, 2020, 2525, 3232, and 4040 (the first two digits of the four digits are the diameter of the ball screw, and the last two digits are the lead of the ball screw). Most manufacturers of other specifications produce them individually. The lead of a ball screw is related to its linear velocity. At a constant input speed, the larger the lead, the faster the speed.

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长度。滚珠丝杠长度有两个概念，一个是滚珠丝杠全长。另一个是滚珠丝杠螺纹长度。螺纹长度=有效行程+螺母长度+设计余量（如果需要安装防护罩，还要考虑防护罩压缩后的长度）。

Length. There are two concepts for the length of a ball screw, one is the total length of the ball screw. The other is the thread length of the ball screw. Thread length=effective travel+nut length+design allowance (if a protective cover needs to be installed, the compressed length of the protective cover should also be considered).

螺母形式。滚珠丝杠螺母形式有以下几种，按法兰形式分大约有圆法兰、单切边法兰、双切边法兰和无法兰几种；按螺母长度分有单螺母和双螺母。在滚珠丝杠安装尺寸和性能允许的情况下，设计者在选用时尽量选择常规形式。

Nut form. There are several forms of ball screw nuts, which can be roughly divided into circular flange, single cut edge flange, double cut edge flange, and non flange according to the flange form; According to the length of the nut, there are single nuts and double nuts. When the installation size and performance of ball screws allow, designers should try to choose conventional forms when selecting.

精度。滚珠丝杠按GB分类有P类和T类，即传动类和定位类，滚珠丝杠精度等级有1、2、3、4几种，国外产品则以C0~C10或具体数值表示，滚珠丝杠精度和关联性很大，并且精度的概念是组合和维持，螺杆的导程误差不能说明整套滚珠丝杠的误差，出厂精度合格不能说明额定使用寿命内都维持这个精度。这个与滚珠丝杠生产厂家的生产工艺有关。

Accuracy. Ball screws are classified into P and T categories according to GB, namely transmission and positioning. There are several accuracy levels for ball screws, such as 1, 2, 3, and 4. For foreign products, they are represented by C0~C10 or specific values. The accuracy of ball screws is closely related to their price, and the concept of accuracy is combination and maintenance. The lead error of the screw cannot explain the error of the entire set of ball screws, and qualified factory accuracy cannot indicate that this accuracy will be maintained throughout the rated service life. This is related to the production process of the ball screw manufacturer.

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