丝杠导轨是直线传动产品。丝杠和导轨可配合组成一套直线运动系统； 其中丝杠负责定位，并将旋转运动转换为直线运动，驱动导轨运动；导轨负责将 部件传输目标位置。在机床中，一般是 2 套直线导轨副及 1 套滚珠丝杠副组成 一个方向的直线运动系统；以 X 轴为例，工作台、丝杠螺母和滑块三者相互连接， 实现对工作台高频度、高精度的定位。

Screw guide is a linear transmission product. The screw and guide rail can be combined to form a linear motion system; The screw is responsible for positioning and converting rotational motion into linear motion, driving the guide rail motion; The guide rail is responsible for transporting the components to the target position. In machine tools, a linear motion system is generally composed of two sets of linear guide pairs and one set of ball screw pairs in one direction; Taking the X-axis as an example, the worktable, screw nut, and slider are interconnected to achieve high-frequency and high-precision positioning of the worktable.

丝杠的作用是将旋转运动转化为直线运动。丝杠将旋转运动转化为直线运动。按照丝杠的摩擦特性，可分为梯形丝杠、滚珠 丝杠、行星滚柱丝杠。 （1）梯形丝杠：也称滑动丝杠，牙型多为梯形，螺母和丝杠轴直接接触，运动 时产生滑动摩擦力。 （2）滚珠丝杠：在丝杠与螺母旋之间放置适量滚珠作为中间传动体，运动时产 生滚动摩擦力。 （3）行星滚柱丝杠：在主螺纹丝杠的周围，按行星式布置 6-12 个螺纹滚柱，基 本结构与滚珠丝杠相似，区别在于载荷传递元件为螺纹滚柱，而非滚珠。滚柱和 丝杠之间是线接触，接触面大大增加，因此具有高刚性、高承载能力，比同规格 滚珠丝杠副高出 3 倍以上。

The function of a screw is to convert rotational motion into linear motion. The screw converts rotational motion into linear motion. According to the friction characteristics of screw, it can be divided into trapezoidal screw, ball screw, and planetary roller screw. (1) Trapezoidal lead screw: also known as sliding lead screw, the tooth shape is mostly trapezoidal, and the nut and lead screw shaft are in direct contact, generating sliding friction during movement. (2) Ball screw: A suitable amount of ball is placed between the screw and the nut as an intermediate transmission body, generating rolling friction during movement. (3) Planetary roller screw: 6-12 threaded rollers are arranged in a planetary pattern around the main threaded screw. The basic structure is similar to that of a ball screw, but the difference is that the load transmission element is a threaded roller rather than a ball. The contact between the roller and the screw is linear, and the contact surface is greatly increased, therefore it has high rigidity and high load-bearing capacity, which is more than three times higher than that of the same specification ball screw.

滚珠丝杠因传动效率高、寿命长，是目前主流的丝杠产品。梯形丝杠的摩擦阻力 大，传动效率一般低于 4成 ，磨损快、使用寿命短，不能满足现代机械传动在高 速度、高精度等方面的要求。滚珠丝杠磨损小，传动效率能达到 9成以上，使用寿命更长，是主流的丝杠产品。行星滚柱丝杠虽然性能高，但制造难 度大、成本高，目前商业化应用较少，主要用于重载和高可靠性要求的场合，如 核潜艇、核电站、重型军事装备、冶金设备及重型数控机床等。

Ball screws are currently the mainstream screw products due to their high transmission efficiency and long lifespan. The friction resistance of trapezoidal screw is high, the transmission efficiency is generally less than 40%, the wear is fast, and the service life is short, which cannot meet the requirements of modern mechanical transmission in high-speed, high-precision and other aspects. Ball screws have low wear, transmission efficiency can reach over 90%, and longer service life, making them mainstream screw products. Although planetary roller screw has high performance, it is difficult to manufacture and costly. Currently, its commercial application is limited, mainly used in heavy-duty and high reliability requirements, such as nuclear submarines, nuclear power plants, heavy military equipment, metallurgical equipment, and heavy CNC machine tools.

本文来自：导轨丝杠更多精彩内容请点击我们的网站：http://www.jngongrun.com我们将倾情为您解答。

This article is from: Guide screw. For more exciting content, please click on our website: http://www.jngongrun.com We will wholeheartedly provide you with answers.