随着单张纸胶印机历史的发展，主滚筒轴承也经历了很多变革。从早先的黄铜滑动轴承到滚子轴承，从滚针轴承到滚柱轴承，从单一轴承到组合轴承，从两环轴承到三环偏心轴承。滚筒轴承的精度越来越高，安装越来越方便，维护越来越简单。

With the development of single sheet offset printing press history, the main drum bearings have also undergone many changes. From brass sliding bearings to roller bearings, from needle roller bearings to roller bearings, from single bearings to combination bearings, from two ring bearings to three ring eccentric bearings. The precision of roller bearings is increasing, installation is becoming more convenient, and maintenance is becoming simpler.

一．滚针轴承

1、 Needle roller bearings

滚针轴承的刚性因其滚子直径小而要比圆锥滚子轴承好很多，而且轴承公司开发的双列错位的滚针轴承使其刚性可以与铜套滑动轴承相媲美。与普通的滚针轴承相比，应用于印机滚筒支撑的滚针轴承的滚针分组要比普通的高。普通的滚针轴承的滚针分组以2μm为单元，而印机使用的滚针分组以1μm为单元。这样，通过选择合适的滚针分组，就可以使轴承的工作游隙小于1μm，这样的运转精度正是高质量的印机所需要的。并且印机使用的滚针分组可以比普通滚针轴承的分组组别更多，这样对于墙板的加工要求自然就可以降低。

The rigidity of needle roller bearings is much better than tapered roller bearings due to their smaller roller diameter, and the double row misaligned needle roller bearings developed by the bearing company make their rigidity comparable to copper sleeve sliding bearings. Compared with ordinary needle roller bearings, the needle roller grouping of needle roller bearings used for printing machine drum support is higher than that of ordinary ones. The needle grouping of ordinary needle roller bearings is based on 2 μ m units, while the needle grouping used in printing machines is based on 1 μ m. In this way, by selecting the appropriate needle roller grouping, the working clearance of the bearing can be reduced to less than 1 μ m, which is exactly what high-quality printing machines require. And the needle roller grouping used by the printing machine can be more than that of ordinary needle roller bearings, which naturally reduces the processing requirements for wall panels.

二．滚柱轴承

2、 Roller bearings

滚针轴承的使用，仍使得印机制造商烦于需要加工精度很高的外套，和需要经验丰富的安装工寻找合适的滚针组别。为了解决这个问题，轴承产商开发出了外圈集成法兰的滚柱轴承支撑。滚柱轴承可通过预紧达到很好的精度和刚性。并且还可使用带锥度的内圈，以任意调整轴承工作游隙。此种解决方案完全可以实现印机滚筒轴承零游隙的需求。而且带法兰的外圈为印机产商解决了安装和润滑的问题。曼罗兰、海德堡、日本利尤比以及国内北人的机型广泛使用此轴承。其滚柱轴承支撑方案已成为印机中滚筒支撑的主流方案。

The use of needle roller bearings still troubles printing machine manufacturers with the need for high-precision jackets and the need for experienced installers to find suitable needle roller groups. To solve this problem, bearing manufacturers have developed roller bearing supports with outer ring integrated flanges. Roller bearings can achieve good precision and rigidity through pre tensioning. And a tapered inner ring can also be used to adjust the working clearance of the bearing arbitrarily. This solution can fully meet the requirement of zero clearance for printing machine drum bearings. And the outer ring with flange solves the installation and lubrication problems for the printing machine manufacturer. This bearing is widely used in models from Manroland, Heidelberg, Japan's Liyoubi, and domestic Northerners. The roller bearing support scheme has become the mainstream solution for roller support in printing machines.

三．集成单元

3、 Integrated unit

和汽车工业以及其他工业一样，印机制造商也需要像轴承一样的精密产品供应商提供更为简单的模块化组件以减少工厂组装的误差和时间，减少返工率，从而提升效率、降低成本。为了满足此需求，轴承产商为主滚筒支撑提供了精度更高，安装、维护更为简易的滚筒支撑单元。如轴承公司开发的三环偏心轴承单元。此轴承单元集成轴承和偏心套，不仅具有支撑滚筒作用，并可实现滚筒离合压和套准的功能。其优越性已经广泛地被印机产商接受。

Like the automotive industry and other industries, printing machine manufacturers also need precision product suppliers like bearings to provide simpler modular components to reduce factory assembly errors and time, reduce rework rates, thereby improving efficiency and reducing costs. In order to meet this demand, bearing manufacturers have provided roller support units with higher precision and easier installation and maintenance for the main drum support. The three ring eccentric bearing unit developed by the bearing company. This bearing unit integrates bearings and eccentric sleeves, which not only support the drum, but also achieve the functions of drum clutch pressure and sleeve alignment. Its superiority has been widely accepted by printing machine manufacturers.

高宝、曼罗兰的机型以及海德堡的新机型，都已经在印版滚筒或橡皮滚筒上使用此轴承单元。而在老机型的改型工作中，此种三环轴承支撑已经成为。目前并无在性能上、安装使用、维护上有比此轴承单元更好的方案。而其迷宫式密封圈和圆柱滚子的使用，使其即可进行油润滑，也可进行脂润滑，而且终生免维护。优良的润滑也使此轴承的寿命在各种方案中长。它使得印机制造商对精度的要求从其自身的加工、安装生产线挪到了生产轴承等精密产品的轴承生产线。这也符合现代工业的集约化。以上为印机主滚筒支撑的各类解决方案。印机因其自身精度的要求，对旋转和直线运动件的支撑都有很高的要求。以上的解决方案完全可以解决国内印机产商发展自身更具特色产品的需要。

Gaobao, Manroland's models, and Heidelberg's new models have already used this bearing unit on plate cylinders or rubber cylinders. In the retrofitting work of old models, this type of three ring bearing support has become the preferred choice. There is currently no better solution than this bearing unit in terms of performance, installation, use, and maintenance. The use of its labyrinth seal ring and cylindrical roller allows it to be lubricated with oil or grease, and it is maintenance free for life. Excellent lubrication also ensures the longest lifespan of this bearing among various schemes. It has shifted the precision requirements of printing machine manufacturers from their own processing and installation production lines to the bearing production lines that produce precision products such as bearings. This is also in line with the intensification of modern industry. The above are various solutions for supporting the main drum of the printing machine. Printing machines have high requirements for the support of rotating and linear moving parts due to their own precision requirements. The above solutions can fully meet the needs of domestic printing machine manufacturers to develop more distinctive products.

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